Mayflower, Passengers and Crew

LEARNING ABOUT THE MAYFLOWER
The Mayflower is the name of the cargo ship that brought the Puritan separatists (known as pilgrims) to North America in 1620 CE. It was a type of sailing ship known as a carrack with three masts, three decks (upper, gun, and cargo), and measured roughly 100 feet long and 25 feet wide. The pilgrim passengers were quartered on the gun deck (also known as the Tween Deck as it was in-between the other two) which, with the 8 small cannons, 4 medium cannons, and other considerations, was reduced to a living space of roughly 70 feet overall. The 30 or so crew members and captain quartered on the upper deck in the forecastle and aft castle, which also held pens for animals. Goods for the voyage were stored in the cargo hold, and passengers traveled in the tween. There were no windows on the tween deck and the ceiling was only 5 feet high, with no latrines and no private rooms; these were the living conditions for the 102 passengers on their journey from September 6 to November 11 1620 CE.	The Mayflower II A replica of the original 17th century ship, built during 1955-1956.
HISTORY OF THE PASSENGERS OF THE MAYFLOWER I
The captain and quarter-owner of the Mayflower was Christopher Jones (1570-1622 CE) who commanded a crew of 30 men and was contracted by Thomas Weston (1584-1647 CD) in the interests of the Puritan separatists living in Leiden, the Netherlands, to transport them to the New World to found their own settlement. The English colony of Jamestown, Virginia was thriving and their original destination was north of Jamestown, just below the Hudson River Valley in the region of present-day New York State, which was then part of the English Virginia Patent, but weather and lack of supplies forced their landing in present-day Massachusetts at Plymouth. The pilgrims under John Carver (1584-1621 CE), Edward Winslow (1595-1655 CE), and William Bradford (1590-1657 CE), and the others not of their group, signed the Mayflower Compact upon their arrival at Plymouth, a set of laws all agreed to live by which would inform those that came later and established the Plymouth Colony (1620-1691 CE), which would eventually become absorbed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony, forming the basis of present-day New England in the United States.	The Mayflower II Another view of the replica ship at sea.
TOUR OF THE MAYFLOWER II
The Mayflower II is a replica of the 17th-century ship, celebrated for transporting the Pilgrims to the New World in 1620. The replica was built in Devon, England during 1955-1956, in a collaboration between Englishman Warwick Charlton and Plimoth Plantation, an American museum. The work drew upon reconstructed ship blueprints held by the museum, along with hand construction by English shipbuilders using traditional methods. The ship is considered a faithful generic replica within a few details (electric lights added and ladder replaced with a lower-deck staircase), with solid oak timbers, tarred hemp rigging, and hand-coloured maps, It is 106 feet long by 25 feet wide, 236 tons displacement, three masts (mainmast, foremast, mizzen), a bowsprit, and six sails.	<span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;"> </span><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;"> </span> 2011 Tour of the Mayflower II by the City of New Bedford while undergoing maintenance.

ADDITIONAL COMPANION VIDEOS EXPLORING THE MAYFLOWER'S HISTORY
Deconstructing History: The Mayflower	<span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;"> </span><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;"> </span> Who Sailed on the Mayflower
PASSENGER LIST OF THE MAYFLOWER
John Alden Isaac and Mary (Norris) Allerton, and children Bartholomew, Remember, and Mary John Allerton John and Eleanor Billington, and sons John and Francis William and Dorothy (May) Bradford William and Mary Brewster, and children Love and Wrestling Richard Britteridge Peter Browne William Butten Robert Carter John and Katherine (White) Carver James and Mrs. Chilton, and daughter Mary Richard Clarke Francis Cooke and son John Humility Cooper John Crackstone and son John Edward Doty Francis and Sarah Eaton, and son Samuel Thomas English Moses Fletcher Edward and Mrs. Fuller, and son Samuel Samuel Fuller Richard Gardiner John Goodman William Holbeck John Hooke Stephen and Elizabeth (Fisher) Hopkins and children Constance, Giles and Damaris; son Oceanus was born during the voyage John Howland John Langmore	William Latham Edward Leister Edmund Margesson Christopher and Mary (Prower) Martin Desire Minter Ellen, Jasper, Richard, and Mary More William and Alice Mullins and children Priscilla and Joseph Dregory Priest Solomon Prower John and Alice Rigsdale Thomas Rogers and son Joseph Henry Samson George Soule Myles and Rose Standish Elias Story Edward Thompson Edward and Agnes (Cooper) Tilley John and Joan (Hurst) Tilley and daughter Elizabeth Thomas and Mrs. Tinker, and a son William Trevore John Turner, and two sons Richard Warrren William and Susanna (Jackson) White, and son Resolved (son Peregrine was born shipboard in Provincetown Harbor after arrival). Roger Wilder Thomas Williams Edward and Elizabeth (Barker) Winslow Gilbert Winslow "Mr. Ely" Dorothy (John Carver's maidservant)

MORE ABOUT THE MAYFLOWER PASSENGERS AND CREW

The 102 Mayflower passengers were a diverse group made up of religious separatists (later known as pilgrims) and others referred to by the pilgrims as Strangers (people who did not share their faith). The ship also had a crew of approximately 30 (possibly 50) captained by Christopher Jones (1570-1622 CE) of Rotherhithe, England. The separatists were seeking a new home where they could workshop freely without fear of the ongoing persecution of the Anglican Church under King James I of England (1603-1625 CE) and contracted with the merchant-adventurer Thomas Weston (1584-1647 CE) for a ship to take them to the New World. Weston then enlisted the others (Strangers) to assist the separatists in establishing a colony and turning a profit for the investors who financed the expedition. The trip was supposed to be made in two ships, the Mayflower and the Speedwell, but after the latter repeatedly sprung leaks in the early stage of the voyage, it was abandoned and some of its passengers taken aboard the Mayflower. The ship left Europe on September 6 and dropped anchor off the coast of North America on November 11 1620. After a harrowing winter during which 50% of the passengers and crew died, the survivors established Plymouth Colony in the region of present-day Massachusetts.

RECOMMENDED READING MATERIALS @ YOUR LIBRARY
	MAKING HASTE FROM BABYLON: THE MAYFLOWER PILGRIMS AND THEIR WORLD by: Nick Bunker Call Number: 974.402 BUN The Pilgrims were entrepreneurs as well as evangelicals, political radicals as well as Christian idealists. This book tells their story in unrivaled depth, from their roots in religious conflict and village strife at home to their final creation of a permanent foothold in America.
	THE BOY WHO FELL OFF THE MAYFLOWER by: Patrick James Lynch Call Number: J 974.4 LYN An illustrated account of the life of John Howland, the young servant who was indentured to Pilgrim John Carver, describes how he embarked on the Mayflower and survived a fall off the ship before helping his ill shipmates by scouting out a safe harbor.
	A JOURNEY TO THE NEW WORLD: THE DIARY OF REMEMBER PATIENCE WHIPPLE by: Kathryn Lasky Call Number: J LASKY Arriving in the New World after a grueling Atlantic crossing, Mayflower passenger Mem cares for her dying fellow pilgrims while befriending Native American Squanto, who assists her family through a first year of tragedy and thranksgiving.
	DON'T KNOW MUCH ABOUT THE PILGIRIMS by: Kenneth C Davis Call Number: J 974.4 DAV Questions and answers present information about who the Pilgrims were, how and why they came to America on the Mayflower, and what happened in the colony of New Plymouth.
	M IS FOR MAYFLOWER: A MASSACHUSETTS ALPHABET by: Margot Theis Raven Call Number: J 974.4 RAV Presents information about the state of Massachusetts in an alphabetical arrangement.